The traditional narrowband feedback active noise control (ANC) system uses the parallel adaptive filter to generate a reference signal. However, it still presents a poor quality of reference signal synthesis, high difficulty in setting the initial filter weights, and insufficient ability to suppress nonstationary narrowband noise. To solve the aforementioned problems, this article proposes a novel robust narrowband feedback ANC system where a cascaded-parallel adaptive filter is introduced to synthesize reference signal. In this way, the quality of reference signal synthesis is improved. In further, the overall noise reduction performance (NRP) is enhanced. The new system can not only solve the poor quality of reference signal synthesis in the traditional one but also reduce the complexity of the initial setting of filter weights and meanwhile improve the ability to cope with the non-stationarity of target noise. The experimental results show that the NRP of the new scheme is increased by 7. 89 and 9. 18 dB in the first half and second half respectively, as compared with the traditional one. Both simulated and experimental results show that the proposed system does present nice robustness and better NRP as compared with the traditional one.