Aiming at the problems that traditional fuzzy Cmeans (FCM) algorithm does not consider the mutual relationship among pixels and requires to obtain the initial cluster center when dealing with image segmentation, the paper proposes a FCM clustering segmentation algorithm considering the relationship among pixels. Firstly, the algorithm adopts the principle of data field, uses the mutual relationship among the pixels to calculate the potential values of the pixels and form the image data field. Then, the initial cluster center of the FCM algorithm is determined with the image data field potential center. Finally, based on the image data field, the FCM algorithm is used to realize the clustering segmentation of the target image. In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, the artificial synthetic image and the workpiece surface defect image were used for experiments. The experiment results show that the algorithm has better segmentation effect. Meanwhile, for different noisy images with streaks, decarburization and hole defects, the segmentation accuracies are above 93%, and has a high mean structural similarity.