In the manufacturing enterprises, machining fixture scheme design is rely heavily on the designer’s empirical knowledge, and it is lack of a theoretic framework to guide the process of machining fixture configuration. This leads to poor design standardization, quality difference, and low reuse efficiency on existing fixture case. Thus, a design method based on integrating Axiomatic Design (AD) and TRIZ is proposed firstly. The design case of fixture is decomposed on the basis of AD theory, and meanwhile, the multihierarchy case database is constructed. Then, the function decomposition algorithm is designed to search for subsolutions for subFR. After that, the fixture initial design schemes is generated and then using independent Axiom to analyze coupling. To achieve the rapid transformation from fixture scheme design attributes to TRIZ engineering parameters, the associated table between TRIZ engineering parameters and fixture scheme design is built. The fixture scheme decoupling design can be implemented by using TRIZ conflict resolving theories. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of this method are verified in a milling fixture scheme design for the aeroengine casing.