The current ultrasonic wind measurement method based on the time difference method is intermittent measurement. Its accuracy is poor in the background of pulse noise. To address this issue, an array ultrasonic continuous wind measurement method based on fractional low-order covariance is proposed in this article. The method adopts an ultrasonic wind measurement array structure consisting of one transmitting ultrasonic transducer and four receiving transducers. Leveraging this array structure, continuous sampling is implemented and fractional low-order covariance operations are applied to suppress the influence of impulse impact noise. Subsequently, the combination with the multiple signal classification algorithm enables high-precision continuous measurement of wind speed and direction. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are evaluated through simulation comparative experiments and actual measurement experiments. Compared with other ultrasonic wind measurement methods, the proposed method shows stronger noise suppression capabilities and higher wind measurement accuracy. In practical experiments, the measurement errors for wind speed and wind direction are 1. 2% and 2°, respectively, which could meet the fundamental technical requirements of ultrasonic anemometers.