The assessment of cementing quality in well casings is crucial for reservoir protection, ensuring safety and environmental protection in oil and gas exploration and development. Acoustic logging technology, a prominent modern well logging technique, is widely utilized for its sensitivity to the acoustic impedance of the medium, the loss of cement annulus, and the state of bonding interfaces. The foundation of acoustic logging technology lies in the theory of the acoustic wave propagation in a borehole. This article provides an examination of the current research status of the acoustic field theory for both single and double casing wells. Additionally, it introduces various traditional acoustic logging techniques employed both domestically and internationally, summarizing the principles and characteristics inherent in these technologies. Furthermore, the article explores the application of artificial intelligence methods in cementing quality evaluation, highlighting the advantages of various machine learning methods in processing logging data to create a broader function space, and helping logging professionals explore knowledge from high-dimensional spaces in a nonlinear way. In conclusion, the article anticipates potential future directions and trends in acoustic logging technology across five dimensions, offering further development recommendations for the evaluation of cementing quality.