Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can reflect the electrochemical parameters inside the energy storage cell more accurately. To solve the time-consuming problem of traditional measurement methods, a method of measuring impedance information of energy storage battery with broadband excitation signal is adopted and validated by simulation based on MATLAB Simulink platform and EIS measurement test platform. This method injects a broadband AC signal into the battery. Fast Fourier transform decomposition of broadband AC signals is utilized to obtain battery impedance information at each frequency point to significantly reduce the measurement time of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In this article, two broadband excitation methods are used to measure the battery equivalent circuit model and the energy storage battery. Compared with electrochemical workstation sweep measurement methods, measurement time can be saved by 60% and 78% , respectively, and the measurement result error is small. The rapid measurement of battery EIS with broadband excitation measurement method can provide technical support for broader application scenarios such as realtime diagnosis and on-line inspection of battery management systems.