The precision and efficiency cannot be balanced with the existing centroid measurement methods of the large winged aircraft. To address this problem, a new mass centroid measurement method is proposed and a mass centroid testing system is designed. The system uses a laser tracker to obtain the conversion relationship between the coordinate system of the measuring equipment and the product coordinate system, which solves the principle drawbacks of the existing small-angle flip method. In this way, the measurement accuracy is fundamentally improved. The advantage of this method is that the system only needs to measure a set of product key points and reference point coordinates of test equipment, which improves the measurement efficiency compared with the existing coordinate positioning-weighing method. Simulation results show that when the tilt angle is 15°, the standard uncertainty of the centroid measurement is less than 1. 91 mm. Compared with the traditional methods, experimental results show that the error of the centroid measured by this method is reduced by about 1 / 3.