When the electric vehicle is steering, the driving wheel will bear more disturbing load under the combined actions of complex road conditions and vehicle conditions, and the proportion uncertainty of the sliding motion of the driving wheel increases, which will affect the driving stability and safety. Therefore, the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) based electronic differential control (EDC) strategy is designed, and the Chaos Particle Swarm Optimization (CPSO) algorithm is used to design the controller parameters. A seven degree of freedom complete automobile model is constructed, and the electronic differential controller based on CPSO-ADRC is designed taking slip rate as the control quantity and driving wheel motor torque as the output, so that the slip rate is always kept at the target value in the steering process. The proposed EDC system is compared with the EDC systems equipped with fuzzy PID controller and sliding mode controller and analyzed, and the EDC experiments under different road conditions were carried out on Simulink / CarSim platform and real vehicles. The results show that the electronic differential control strategy based on CPSO-ADRC has strong antiinterference ability, its speediness is increased by 20% and 14. 4% , respectively compared with the other two strategies, the amplitude of yaw rate is reduced by about 50% , the speediness and robustness of EDC are enhanced, and the driving safety in electric vehicle steering process is more effectively guaranteed.