基于互信息图与邻接特征的非高损线路窃电检测方法
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1.长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院长沙410114; 2.国网湖南省电力有限公司供电服务中心(计量中心) 长沙410007; 3.智能电气量测与应用技术湖南省重点实验室长沙410004

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TN93TH89

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Electricity theft detection method for non-high-loss feeders based on mutual information graphs and adjacency features
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1.School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China; 2.State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company Limited Power Service Center (Metrology and Test Center), Changsha 410007, China; 3.Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Electrical Measurement and Application Technology, Changsha 410004, China

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    摘要:

    现有窃电检测方法多聚焦于日线损率异常突出的高损线路,而非高损线路中的潜在短时、间歇性窃电行为易被负荷波动、计量误差与运行方式变化掩盖,难以有效辨识。为此,提出了一种基于互信息差值动态图与邻接特征的非高损线路窃电检测方法。首先,在小时尺度下采用滑动窗口计算用户用电量与线损电量的互信息,构建互信息差值动态图序列;并引入逐窗口自适应阈值以刻画用户用电量与线损之间随时间演化的非线性依赖关系,从而避免固定阈值导致的图结构不稳定。其次,设计融合图自编码器与动态权重平衡机制的特征提取方法:基于跨窗口的邻接关系重构任务,捕捉用户在群体网络中连接模式的时序演变,提取反映用户与群体依赖关系稳健性的邻接特征;同时采用动态权重加权损失,抑制正负样本不均衡引起的训练偏置,防止图重构学习发生退化。最后,采用主成分分析对嵌入特征降维优选,并结合K-Means++聚类实现无监督异常识别。仿真算例与真实数据实验表明,所提方法能够在非高损场景下有效识别窃电用户,验证了方法的可行性与有效性。该方法从群体关系演化视角刻画用户用电行为与线损之间的动态依赖关系,将窃电检测问题转化为图异常检测问题,为中压线路窃电检测提供了一种有效且具工程实用性的技术路径。

    Abstract:

    Existing electricity theft detection methods primarily focus on high-loss feeders, where anomalies in the daily average line-loss rate are pronounced. However, potential short-term and intermittent electricity theft on non-high-loss feeders is easily masked by load fluctuations, metering errors, and changes in operating conditions, making such theft difficult to detect effectively. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method for electricity theft detection on non-high-loss feeders based on a mutual-information-difference dynamic graph sequence and adjacency features. First, at an hourly resolution, a sliding window is employed to calculate the mutual information between users′ electricity consumption and line-loss electricity, thereby constructing a mutual-information-difference dynamic graph sequence. A window-wise adaptive threshold is introduced to capture the nonlinear dependency between users′ electricity usage and line loss as it evolves over time, avoiding graph-structure instability caused by a fixed threshold. Second, a feature extraction method combining a graph autoencoder and a dynamic weight balancing mechanism is developed. Based on a cross-window adjacency reconstruction task, it captures the temporal evolution of connection patterns within the population network and extracts adjacency features that reflect the robustness of users′ dependency relationships with the group. Meanwhile, a dynamically weighted loss function is applied to mitigate training bias caused by the imbalance between positive and negative samples and to prevent degeneration in graph reconstruction learning. Finally, principal component analysis is used to reduce and select the embedded features, and K-Means++ clustering is applied for unsupervised anomaly identification. Simulation studies and experiments on real-world data demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively detect electricity-theft users in non-high-loss scenarios, verifying its feasibility and effectiveness. From the perspective of group relationship evolution, this method characterizes the dynamic dependencies between users′ electricity consumption and line loss, transforms electricity theft detection into a graph anomaly detection problem, and provides an effective and practically applicable technical solution for electricity theft detection on medium-voltage feeders.

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周文晴,杨茂涛,苏盛,赵斌,李彬.基于互信息图与邻接特征的非高损线路窃电检测方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2026,47(2):368-380

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-04-08
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