基于子带平均峭度图和 TMSST 的高压直流接触器特性参数测量
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1.河北工业大学人工智能与数据科学学院天津300130; 2.河北工业大学智能配用电装备与系统全国重点实验室 天津300130; 3.北京化工大学信息科学与技术学院北京100029; 4.瑞安市万通机电制造有限公司瑞安325200

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TM572.1TH165.3

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河北省中央引导地方科技发展资金(246Z2101G)项目资助


HVDC contactor characteristic parameters measurement based on subband averaging kurtogram and TMSST
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1.School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Power Distribution Equipment and System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; 3.College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; 4.Ruian Wantong Electromechanical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Ruian 325200, China

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    摘要:

    针对高压直流接触器动态特性参数的非侵入式测量需求,以及短时分析法在不同型号接触器间的适应性不足和迁移性有限的问题,提出了一种基于子带平均峭度图和时间重分配多同步压缩变换(TMSST)的测量方法。首先,将滑窗分帧与双树复小波包变换(DTCWPT)相结合,对接触器合闸声音信号进行预处理,获取多个小波子带,通过对小波子带进行重排并计算平均峭度,构建子带平均峭度图,并选择峭度值最大的频带作为最优频带以重构信号,提取有效的碰撞冲击成分。随后,采用TMSST对重构信号中的碰撞冲击事件进行时频表示和能量压缩,并通过时频包络谱峰值的时频系数来表征冲击特征,精准定位动、静触头碰撞和动铁碰撞冲击时刻,最终测量出接触器吸合时间、超程时间等关键动态特性参数。为验证方法的有效性,搭建了接触器动态特性测试系统,并在多型号接触器、不同传感器布置条件下进行了实验测试。结果表明,所提方法在不同类型高压直流接触器特性参数测量中均表现出较高的测量精度,其平均绝对误差(MAE)与均方根误差(RMSE)均不超过0.35 ms;与短时分析法相比,平均MAE与RMSE降低了39%以上。所提方法对传感器布局的依赖性小,对不同类型接触器的泛化能力强,从而具有较高的工程应用潜力。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the demand for non-intrusive measurement of dynamic characteristic parameters in HVDC contactors, as well as the limited adaptability and transferability of short-time analysis methods across different contactor models, a measurement method based on subband averaging kurtogram and time-reassigned multisynchrosqueezing transform (TMSST) is proposed. First, a combination of sliding window framing and dualtree complex wavelet packet transform (DTCWPT) is applied to preprocess the closing acoustic signal of the contactor. Multiple wavelet subbands are obtained and rearranged, and the average kurtosis is calculated to construct the subband averaging kurtogram. The subband with the highest kurtosis is selected as the optimal frequency band for signal reconstruction, enhancing the effective collision-induced impact components. Subsequently, TMSST is employed for time-frequency representation and energy concentration of the collision impact events. The time-frequency coefficients corresponding to the peaks in the time-frequency envelope spectrum are used to characterize the impact features, enabling precise localization of the impact instants of the movable and stationary contact collision and the armature collision, and accurate measurement of the key dynamic characteristic parameters of the contactor, such as closing time and overtravel time. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a dynamic characteristic testing system is established, and experimental tests are conducted under various contactor models and sensor layouts. Results show that the proposed method achieves high measurement accuracy in characteristic parameter estimation for various types of HVDC contactors, with both mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) maintained within 0.35 ms. Compared with the shorttime analysis methods, the average MAE and RMSE are reduced by over 39%. In addition, it exhibits low dependence on the sensor layout and strong generalization capability across different contactor types, demonstrating considerable potential for engineering applications.

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孙曙光,王子航,王景芹,崔玉龙,颜豪磊.基于子带平均峭度图和 TMSST 的高压直流接触器特性参数测量[J].仪器仪表学报,2025,46(6):117-129

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-09-09
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