MIS is widely utilized in numerous clinical fields due to its advantages, such as minimal trauma, reduced pain, and rapid recovery. However, the small incisions characteristic of MIS limit direct tactile feedback at the surgical site, significantly increasing the complexity of intraoperative operations. As a result, the realtime and accurate force sensing during surgery is considered essential for ensuring both precision and safety. FBG sensors, due to their high sensitivity, electromagnetic interference resistance, small size, and biocompatibility, are regarded as highly promising for MIS applications. But several challenges still hinder the further development of this technology, necessitating the exploration of solutions. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of FBG sensors in force sensing for MIS over the past decade. Common techniques for decoupling strain and temperature in FBG sensors are summarized, which are crucial for mitigating temperature interference and improving force sensing accuracy. Furthermore, the latest advancements and applications of FBG force sensors in endoscopic MIS, vascular interventional surgery, retinal microsurgery, and other MIS procedures are discussed, with a focus on sensor structure design and force feedback calculation methods. The challenges associated with the practical application of FBG force sensors, including the design of highprecision microforce sensors, realtime data processing and feedback, sensor system intelligence, multimodal data fusion, and the commercialization and clinical translation of these sensors, are also examined. Finally, the paper envisions future development directions for FBG force sensors, emphasizing the potential of technological innovations to enable their widespread adoption in the medical field.