基于电磁超声换能器的SH型焊缝导波激励方法
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1.北京航空航天大学宇航学院北京100191; 2.中国航天科技集团运载火箭技术研究院北京100076; 3.重庆大学航空航天学院 重庆400044; 4.北京航空航天大学沈元学院北京100191

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TH878TN912

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国家自然科学基金项目(12134002,12374429, 12004026)、中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2020QNRC002)、北航沈元学院卓越研究基金项目(230123205)资助


Investigation of exciting SH-type welded guided waves based on electromagnetic acoustic transducers
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1.School of Astronautics, Beihang University,Beijing 100191, China; 2.China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076; 3.China College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; 4.Shen Yuan Honors College, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

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    摘要:

    采用传统压电换能器在板类结构中激励SH型导波时常出现波束指向性不佳以及随同激励Lamb波侧向反射干扰,影响缺陷检测定位的效率和精度。本文通过基于洛伦兹力的电磁超声换能器(EMAT)的设计与激励研究,提出一种可在板类焊接接头特征结构中产生高指向性超声特征导波(FGW)的激励方法。研究采用周期性永磁体及回折线圈制备电磁超声换能器,通过多物理场频域/时域有限元数值方法分析了板类水平剪切型导波的传播特性和远场波束指向性,并加以实验验证。结果表明所提出的激励方法能够在4 mm板厚铝制搅拌摩擦焊焊缝中有效激发出中心频率为440 kHz的水平剪切(SH)型特征导波,具有较高的导波模式纯度以及局域于焊缝传播的声能陷效应。相较于压电方式激励SH型焊缝导波,有效抑制了侧向Lamb波的产生,为焊缝特征导波的远距离传播及缺陷检测提供支撑。

    Abstract:

    When exciting SH-type guided ultrasonic waves in plate-like structures, traditionally utilized piezoelectric transducers often exhibit relatively poor ultrasonic beam directivity, thereby affecting the efficiency and accuracy of defect detection and localization. To address this limitation, the present study proposes an excitation approach based on Lorentz force electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT) for generating highly directive feature guided waves (FGW), which are firmly confined to the welded joints of the plate. The configuration of periodic permanent magnets and a repulsion coil is used for fabrication of the EMAT. The propagation and directivity characteristics of far-field ultrasonic beam of SH-type guided waves in flat aluminum plate are analyzed using multiphysics finite element (FE) simulations in both the frequency and time domains, and are validated experimentally. The results have manifested that the proposed excitation method effectively generates SH-type FGW centered at 440 kHz in 4-mm-thick aluminum friction stir welded joints, demonstrating high mode purity and the presence of energy trapping effect localized to the weld seam. Compared to piezoelectric excitation of SH-type weld guided waves, the proposed method effectively suppresses the generation of lateral Lamb waves, providing solid support for the EMAT aided capabilities of long-distance propagation and defect detection.

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刘博涵,陈宗泽,于建新,余旭东,邓明晰.基于电磁超声换能器的SH型焊缝导波激励方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2024,45(12):275-283

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-03-04
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