Industrial measurement can not only obtain product quality status information, but also can be an important information source for cyber physical system (CPS) in Industrial 4.0. However, industrial measurement is a complex technical system, including the definition of error/tolerance, measurement and evaluation method, comparison between measured results from different measurement methods, measurement system development and its performance evaluation, determination and acceptance of product quality, and etc. Besides, there is a complete set of ISO/GB (GPS&V) standards, as well as strict measurement process management system and product acceptance process. Industrial measurement operator must follow these management system and process. Focusing on product geometry quality and measurement, this paper analyzes the metering/measuring principles and methods, theory and methods of advanced quality design and control, standard system and its related theory and methods in industry measurement, and etc. Some development directions of industrial measurement technology are also discussed.