Robot teleoperation is the key technology to implement tasks in space, telesurgery, deep ocean areas. Robot teleoperation based on virtual reality is an efficient way to overcome the time delay problem, which can provide with a teleoperation with hightransparency and strongstability performance, and it is currently the main way to realize robot teleoperation. Firstly, the key components of the robot teleoperation system based on virtual reality are analyzed, and the function of each module is introduced. Secondly, methods to realize virtual reality environment modelling are reviewed, including the geometric modelling and the dynamic modelling methods. The performance of each modelling method is analyzed. Besides, the construction methods and application areas of virtual fixtures are discussed. Furthermore, current problems in this area are summarized and analyzed, and some research directions are proposed.