To satisfy the application of the retractable optical system in the space environment, this article takes the Schlieren optical system in a space combustion optical experiment equipment as an example. The traditional mirror bonding process is susceptible to temperature change and the image quality of the optical system is affected. To address this problem, a method of adhesive layer bonding design and quantitative analysis of the mirror assembly is proposed, and the precision measurement of its space attitude is studied. Epoxy resin adhesive is used as the main adhesive of the mirror assembly, and the theoretical calculation equation of the adhesive layer is improved and optimized under the constraint condition of non-thermal. Through multi-objective simulation analysis and data fitting, the appropriate thickness of adhesive layer is selected. The coaxial assembly of mirror and frame is realized by using center deviation measuring instrument and tool measuring method. On this basis, a coordinate system based on theodolite measurement is established by using the coordinate transformation method, and the corresponding relationship between the pitch and azimuth deviation of the plane mirror assembly and the measured values of the theodolite is derived. The final environmental test results show that this method can be used to realize the work of Schlieren optical system in the space complex environment. The accuracy of the plane mirror adhesion is 0. 023λ, the angle between the plane mirror assembly and the optical axis of the optical system is better than 10″, and the imaging of the optical device is clear when the temperature range is -5℃ ~ +45℃ . This method has also been applied to other research projects.