The antiskid valve is a key part in the antiskid braking system. At present, the comprehensive research on the dynamic characteristics of antiskid valves is relatively missing. Especially, the simulation results and test results cannot be unified. Firstly, a simulation model of antiskid valve based on MATLAB/Simulink software is formulated. The simulation curve of antiskid valve dynamic characteristics is obtained. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics test of the antiskid valve is achieved according to the data acquisition technology and the pneumatic control technology. In this way, the detection of dynamic characteristics is realized. The correctness of the simulation model and the reliability of the detection system are interactively verified with the highly fitted simulation curve and experimental curve. Finally, to comprehensively analyze the influence of relevant parameters on the dynamic characteristics, the saliency analysis theory and the regression analysis theory are utilized. The response surface method is used to complete the mathematical analysis of the experimental parameters and the dynamic characteristics. Experimental results show that the effect determination coefficients R2 are 0999 9 and 0996 7, the correction determination coefficients R2adj are 0998 5 and 0995 2, and the prediction determination coefficients R2pre are 0997 7 and 0992 7. These numerical values verify the rationality of the experiment design, which provide a reasonable and feasible method for optimizing the structure of the antiskid valve.